The Alsace Wine Road isn't a road like Highway 75 or something similar. It's an itinerary on departmental roads in Alsace (similar to county or parish roads).
So it's a collection of roads that is marked out on a map. I should know...I live on this "road" myself...
You can drive it, you can bike it, you can walk it...but of course cars have the right of way on the road.
There are sometimes bike and walking lanes but not always.